The mayor is elected as such as well by public election while the heads of the other directorates are assigned by the collegiate. The regular election of the City Council by any inhabitant valid to vote is held every four years. The City Council (Stadtrat) constitutes the executive government of the city of Lucerne and operates as a collegiate authority. The wettest month was June during which time Lucerne received an average of 153 mm (6.0 in) of rainfall. Of this area and as of 2009update, 28.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 22.3% is forested.
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The Richard Wagner Museum is found on the lake at Tribschen and is dedicated to the composer Richard Wagner. The Swiss Museum of Transport is a large and comprehensive museum exhibiting all forms of transport, including locomotives, automobiles, ships, and aircraft. Inside the bridge are a series of paintings from the 17th century depicting events from Lucerne's history. Partway across, the bridge runs by the octagonal Water Tower (Wasserturm), a fortification from the 13th century. The workshops of the blacksmiths were located in the outskirts of the city due to fire concerns. As of 2012update Lucerne offers Switzerland's lowest corporate tax rate at cantonal level.
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- Besides this contiguous city area, the municipality also includes an exclave on the south shore of Lake Lucerne some 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) away, comprising the northern slopes of the Bürgenstock.
- In 2013 a total of 11.0% of the population received social assistance.
- As of 2012update, there were a total of 77,641 people employed in the municipality.
- 26,381 people or 33.8% are 20–39 years old, and 25,863 people or 32.1% are 40–64 years old.
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- The city gained importance as a strategically located gateway for the growing commerce from the Gotthard trade route.
- Since plans for the new culture and convention centre arose in the late 1980s, Lucerne has found a balance between the so-called established culture and alternative culture.
- The age distribution in Lucerne is (as of 2013update); 12,916 people or 15.7% of the population is 0–19 years old.
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- The city grew up around Sankt Leodegar Abbey, founded in AD 840, and remained strongly Roman Catholic into the 21st century.
In 1471, the law was passed to persecute the Romani people of Indian origin. The city developed its infrastructure, raised taxes, and appointed its own local officials. By this time the borders of Lucerne were approximately those of today (excluding Littau). The city shortly granted many rights to itself, rights which had been withheld by the Habsburgs until then. About this time King Rudolph I von Habsburg gained authority over the Monastery of St. Leodegar and its lands, including Lucerne. By 1290, Lucerne had become a self-sufficient city of reasonable size with about 3000 inhabitants.
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In 2004, Lucerne was the focus of Swiss Wrestling fans when it had hosted the Swiss Wrestling and Alpine festival (Eidgenössisches Schwing- und Älplerfest), which takes place every three years in a different location. Being the cultural center of a rather rural region, Lucerne regularly holds different folklore festivals, such as Lucerne Cheese Festival, held annually. The Lucerne Blues Festival is another musical festival which usually takes place in November. In July, the Blue Balls Festival brings jazz, blues and punk music to the lake promenade and halls of the Culture and Convention Center. It focuses on international acts in alternative music, indie rock, experimental rock and other cutting edge and left field artistic musical genres. From dusk till dawn on the evenings of Schmotzige Donnerstag, Güdismontag, and after the Monstercorso many bands wander through the historical part of the city playing typical Fasnacht tunes.
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In the 2023 federal election for the Swiss National Council the most popular party was the SP which received 28.7% (+3.7) of the vote. The city's suburbs climb the hills to the north-east and south-west, and stretch out along the river and lake banks, whilst the recently added area of Littau is to the north-west. In August 1993, the Kapellbrücke, in the centre of the city, suffered from a great fire which destroyed two thirds of its interior paintings. The city was then boosted by a visit by Queen Victoria to the city in 1868, during which she went sightseeing at the Kapellbrücke and the Lion Monument and relished speaking with local people in her native German. The city's population of 3000 dropped about 40% due to the Black Plague and several wars around 1350. By analyzing trends, automating tasks, and predicting needs, AI-powered insights help schools optimize learning, improve engagement, and make data-driven decisions.
The club plays its home matches at the new Swissporarena, with a capacity of 16,800. A funicular, Gütschbahn, links the city to Château Gütsch, 90 m above. Lucerne's city transit system is fully integrated into the coherent and integrated fare network system called passepartout encompassing all kind of public transport in the cantons of Lucerne, Obwalden, and Nidwalden. There are 40 trains per day between Lucerne and Zurich, with an average travel time of 48 minutes.
Most of the population (as of 2020) speak German (83.26%), with English with 7.45%, as well as Italian (5.06%) and Serbo-Croatian (3.80%) being respectively second, third and fourth most common first languages reported. In the federal election, a total of 26,521 voters were cast, and the voter turnout was 49.48%. In the federal election a total of 25,836 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 49.5%.
From 1850 to 1913, the population quadrupled and the flow of settlers increased. Nevertheless, industry was attracted to the city from areas around Lucerne. In the 16th and 17th centuries, wars and epidemics became steadily less frequent and as a result the population of the country increased strongly.
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The bridge was subsequently reconstructed and reopened to the public in April 1994, after a total of CHF 3.4 million was spent on its repair. Some of the city's most recognisable buildings are hotels from this period, such as the Schweizerhof Hotel (1845), Grand Hotel National (1870), and Château Gütsch (1879). Lucerne's status as a fashionable destination led to it becoming one of the first centres of modern-style tourism. The American writer Mark Twain further popularised the city and its environs in his travel writings after visiting twice, in 1878 and 1897. Schiller himself had not been to Lucerne, but was inspired to write the play by his wife Lotte and his friend Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, who had both personally visited the city and its surrounding canton. In 1856 trains first linked the city to Olten and Basel, then Zug and Zurich in 1864 and finally to the south in 1897.citation needed
The city gained importance as a strategically located gateway for the growing commerce from the Gotthard trade route. In 1178 Lucerne acquired its independence from the jurisdiction of Murbach Abbey, and the founding of the city proper probably occurred that same year. Around 750 the Benedictine Monastery of St. Leodegar was founded, which was later acquired by Murbach Abbey in Alsace in the middle of the 9th century, and by this time the area had become known as Luciaria.
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With a population of approximately 82,000 people, Lucerne is the most populous city in Central Switzerland, and a nexus of economics, transport, culture, and media in the region. Since the city straddles the Reuss where it drains the lake, it has a number of bridges. As of 2000update 51.7% of the population of the municipality were employed in some capacity. The age distribution in Lucerne is (as of 2013update); 12,916 people or 15.7% of the population is 0–19 years old. The city occupies both banks of the river and the lowest reach of the lake, with the city centre straddling the river immediately downstream of the outfall.
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Having a long tradition of equestrian sports, Lucerne has co-hosted CSIO Switzerland, an international equestrian show jumping event, until it left entirely for St. Gallen in 2006. In the past, Lucerne also produced national successes in men's handball and women's volleyball and softball. The city's main hockey team is the HC Luzern which plays in the Swiss Second League, the fourth tier of Swiss hockey.
